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Philosophy:
Background and Practice
There's no good
"how to" site for philosophy; it's more of a habit than
a method practiced by following specific rules. Philosophers tend
to be skeptical by nature, and to require reasons for conclusions.
The sites listed here are for background--in case I throw out a term
or a philosopher with whom you're not familiar, or if something I
say sparks some interest and you want to pursue an avenue of inquiry
further. Start with these links and follow where they lead.
The
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The
New Dictionary of the History of Ideas:
Kelley Library Ref CB9.N49 2005. The newest version of this encyclopedic
dictionary is arranged by topic, that help us understand "the
origins of the concepts under which we organize societies, create
institutions and think about our lives."
The
Dictionary of the History of Ideas (the older version) is available
online through the University of Virginia E-text collection. Like
the new edition, it's arranged by topics, such as Art
for Art's Sake, but it's difficult to use. I have a paperback
set on my cart.
The
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy is a peer-reviewed online
resource maintained by philosphers for the use of scholars and students.
The section on the history of philosophy is useful, and categories
include most of the major divisions among philosophical studies.
The
Encyclopedia of Philosophy
(4 vols.) is a solid, straightforward reference, available in the
Kelly Library Ref B72 .C62.
Medievalism
and the Gothic Critique of Modernity
For
those not well-versed in European history, particularly that of Victorian
England, the Cambridge
History of English and American Literature is a solid source,
particularly the segments on The
Victorian Age. For information on some of the people we discuss
in class (Carlyle, Morris, Rossetti, etc.), see the table of contents.
Interest in historical
events and personages ran high in the nineteenth century, as it did
in the twentieth. Medievalism, the focus on the Middle Ages that looms
over the Arts and Crafts Movement, is a form of historicism--and it's
not always based on accurate information; rather, it frequently manifests
itself in wishful thinking and/or faulty analogies. Still, such fantasies
gave rise to a large amount of art and literature, much of which still
informs Western culture today.
Reconstructing
the middle ages: some Victorian 'medievalisms' by Julie Pridmore
(University of South Africa) is a longish but reasonably accessible
paper on Victorian interest in the middle ages. It provides helpful
background for those not well-versed in the period, but it's also
a typical scholarly article that expects you to know something about
English history.
The
Victorian Web is one of the best online sources for information
on the Victorian period in general, including articles on science
and society, as well as art, literature, and culture.
Fordham University's
Internet
Medieval Sourcebook, edited by Paul Halsall, provides a wealth
of primary sources from pagan late antiquity to the early Renaissance.
There's even a nice list of movies about things Medieval with snarky
comments. The real value of the site, however, is its ability to give
students a deep grounding in context. One may want to remember that
the movers and shakers of the nineteenth century had read many
Medieval texts and despite a tendency to romanticize the period, they
were far more literate about it than we are today.
On-line
Reference Book for Medieval Studies, edited out of the City University
of New york by Kathryn Talarico, is a gold mine of online materials
for studying the Middle Ages, from Arthurian lore to the Plague. Of
particular use for someone new to the field is the page on Medieval
Studies for the Non-specialist.
My History
of Art & Design II slide page for Medievalism has a number
of links to figures of importance, and additional sources on the side
bar.
For our discussion
of work, the Victorian
Web's page on Victorian Occupations may prove helpful.
Modernism (in general)
The
Internet Modern History Sourcebook covers many of the movements
that we will study in this class. Use the side bar to locate primary
sources and commentary by country and period, as well as by major
intellectual movement.
Thomas Carlyle's
book, Signs of the Times was particularly influential. See especially
the chapter on "The
Mechanical Age," which sets out the major objections to emerging
technologies that William Blake described as resulting in the English
countryside's being covered with "dark Satanic mills." The
source of the e-text is the above-mentioned Internet Modern History
Sourcebook.
The
Arts and Crafts Movement in Britain and Europe
Morris
Online Edition is
a new (under construction) site devoted to William Morris's poetry
and prose, along with related analysis and criticism. It contains
scanned versions of many of his works, including the Kelmscott News
From Nowhere. The commentary on the latter includes the Coleman
article I've linked on the schedule, as well as critical essays on
other aspects of the book--including Morris's take on beauty and the
body.
William
Morris is
a fairly recent (1999) tri-lingual biography (in German, French, and
English) by Charlotte and Peter Fiell. Kelley Library NX 547.6 .M8
F54 1999. It may be the only Morris biography I've never read; it's
also relatively short.
Online
sources for Morris works: The
William Morris Society's list of Writings
by William Morris on the Internet is pretty comprehensive--although
new stuff seems to show up every day. The University of Pennsylvania's
page of Online
Books by William Morris offers multiple sources for some items.
The Rare Book Room is one
of the cool sources now available on the internet for looking at books
most of us will never see. Beautiful scans of the entire text of some
Morris works are included, such as The
Story of the Glittering Plain (one of his fantasy novels), and
the Kelmscott
Chaucer. The
William Morris Internet Archive includes many of Morris's essays,
transcribed into easily readable form.
Art
Nouveau
Heilbrunn Timeline
of Art History (Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York): Thematic
essay on Art Nouveau.
The Art
Nouveau Worldwide Server is a clearinghouse of web information
on the movement. Images can elsewhere be found under a number of names
(Art Nouveau is the French term), including Jugendstil ("young
style" in German) and Secession in Germany and Austria, Nieuwe
Kunst ("new art") in the Netherlands, and Liberty Style
in England.
See especially
the National Gallery of Art's Anatomy
of an Exhibition: Art Nouveau 1890-1914. Click on "Introduction"
to get to a good summary of the movement.
Secession
iklimt,
a website devoted to the work of Gustav Klimt.
This is a nice example of how interactive media can enhance
the enjoyment of art.
Vienna
Secession is a segment of a course page on design history. The
images aren't top quality, but the site provides a quick summary of
various Secessionist design efforts.
The
Secession Building featured an exhibit devoted to Beethoven's
life and work.
Gustav
Klimt's contribution was the Beethoven Frieze. For more on Klimt,
see the WebMuseum page on his work.
A website called
The Art Bin (an e-zine) devoted an issue to Vienna
Around 1900--The Turn of a Century with lots of links to external
sites.
A good site on
Secession architecture can be found on the Digital
Archive of Architecture page.
The
Glasgow School/The Scottish Movement
The work of Charles
Rennie Mackintosh and his wife, Margaret Macdonald, provides a link
between the Arts and Crafts Movement in Britain and the Continental
craftsmen/designers of the Secession and Jugendstil. His design for
a House
for an Art Lover was created for a Secession exhibition (I have
a small portfolio of the designs).
See the Glasgow
School of Art page on Mackintosh, The
Charles Rennie Mackintosh Society, and the Armin
Grewe Mackintosh pages for further information and images. The
Mackintoshes have become a cottage industry in Scotland, and a Google
search will find you more web pages than you can get through in a
day.
The Victorian
Web page on Mackintosh.
Great
Buildings Online: Glasgow School of Art: photos and drawings of
the building designed by Charles Rennie Mackintosh
Recommended
viewing: The
Fall and Rise of Charles Rennie Mackintosh
in the Kelley Library. VHS ID 1703
See also Charles
Rennie Mackintokintosh, A Modern Man, VHS ID 1427
Aestheticism
Buffalo, New York
is quite proud of its archetictural heritage, and rightly so. The
Buffalo
as an Architectural Museum page on the Aesthetic Movement provides
a short introduction to the influences that inspired the movement,
and includes a glossary of terms.
See also Fashion
Era's page on the Aesthetic Movement. It's quite possible that
its most enduring impact was on clothing styles.
The
Omega Workshops & the Bloomsbury Group
Tate
Archive Journeys: Bloomsbury
from the Tate Modern in London. There's a timeline, bibliographies
of the members, plus more.
Tate
Archive on the Bloomsbury group.
Bloomsbury
in Sussex is a page on the various homes and haunts of the Bloomsbury
group.
A review of the
Tate exhibit by Roger Rosenblum in Art Forum: The
Art of Bloomsbury
The
Bloomsbury Group: Artists, Writers, & Thinkers
Bloomsbury:
Books, Art, and Design, an exhibit at Victoria University Library,
Tornonto
Wandering
Stars and Paper Darts: Love at the Heart of Bloomsbury, by Jude
Rawlins. An essay on the influence of the group.
The
Arts and Crafts Movement in America
The Met's Thematic
essay the Arts
and Crafts Movement in America is a good place to start. Note
related artists and topics on the side bar.
The J. M. Burrows
page on Founders
of the Arts and Crafts Movement provides a quick overview of the
movement's influence in north America; scroll down from the linked
texts.
The Milwaukee
Art Museum sponsored an exhibit on the movement in 2005; an
article on the exhibit is available through the Resource Library.
Works
of Elbert Hubbard from Holyebooks: a large number of electronic
texts from Hubbard's vast corpus.
The
Fra: A Journal of Affirmation published by Hubbard at the Roycroft
Press. This is part of a wonderful digital collection of Hubbard's
works from Villanova University. All 19 volumes of The Fra are available,
along with many other Hubbard documents.
The
Web Page of the Roycrofters features links to contemporary events
involving Hubbard's work, and some source material. It's very insidery
(designed, apparently, for devotees rather than scholars), but provides
a sense of continuing influence of "The Immortal."
The
Roycroft Campus Corporation is a preservation group that maintains
a blog with event information, history, etc.
The
Roycroft Motto Book, from the Arts
and Crafts Society. Click through the slide show for a sampling
of Hubbard/Rocrof illuminated sayings.
Dard
Hunter Studios, The
Friends of Dard Hunter, and the Robert
C. Williams Paper Museum (Georgia Tech) all offer background and
materials on Hunter.
Neil Ralley has
a section in his Stained
Glass Photography website devoted to John
LaFarge.
The Greene
& Green Virtual Archive provides a comprehensive overview
of Greene brothers' projects.
Frank
Lloyd Wright
The
Legacy of Frank Lloyd Wright (PBS) provides a comprehensive look
at Wright's influence.
Wiener
Werkstätte & Bauhaus (under construction, but consult the Bauhaus
links on my History of Art & Design II pages)
Links related to Week 8's discussion of the Architectures videos
Le Familistère
de Guise: An article on Jean
Baptiste Godin and his efforts is available on the European Route
of Industrial Heritage site. The Familistère itself has its
own website with history. Since it's an ongoing project, there's
a good deal of present-day information as well as history and philosophy.
A good number of photos can be found on Wikimedia
Commons.
La Casa
Milà (La Pedrera), Barcelona: Go here
for a short video and some interior and exterior photos. More
images and plans are available on the Gaudí pages of Great
Buildings Online. Scads of pictures of the decorative artwork
are at the Gaudí
Designer pages. There are some nice panorama
shots here, but the promised "virtual tour" didn't work
when I tried to access it. For more photos go to Wikimedia
Commons. A page from the See
Barcelona site focuses on Gaudi's work and includes a fairly long
article on La Casa Milà. A more complete history can be found
at Gaudiclub.
Post Office
Savings Bank, Vienna: Great
Buildings Online is a good place to start for photos and a plan.
Galinsky, a site for architecture buffs, has a short
illustrated article on Wagner's building--which is now a museum.
Its home
page offers history, a biography of Otto Wagner, an article on
the furniture, another on the Secession view of modernity, and panoramic
photos of both parts of the building. Nationmaster, a site devoted
primarily to statistics, has an encyclopedia
with articles on the interior and exterior of the structure. Alas,
the virtual tour of this one doesn't work, either.
Johnson
Wax Building, Racine, Wisconsin: Great
Buildings Online has both photos and plans, as usual. Google offers
up a
whole page of videos.
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